Foreword | p. v |
Introduction: A post-Duhemian thermodynamics | p. 1 |
Thermostatics and Thermodynamics | p. 17 |
Thermodynamic Systems | p. 17 |
Thermodynamic States | p. 23 |
Thermostatics (Born--Caratheodory) | p. 24 |
Axioms of Thermostatics | p. 24 |
Scaling of Temperature, Carnot's Theorem | p. 31 |
Thermodynamic Potentials | p. 34 |
The Evolution of Real Systems; Continua | p. 36 |
Various Thermodynamics | p. 47 |
Preliminary Remarks | p. 47 |
Theory of Irreversible Processes (T.I.P.) | p. 48 |
Axiom of Local State | p. 48 |
Application to Deformable Material Continua | p. 51 |
The Compressible Newtonian Fluid | p. 53 |
The Linear Viscoelastic Solid | p. 55 |
Finite-Strain Behavior of a Solid | p. 57 |
Rubber-Like Materials | p. 59 |
Anisotropic Elastic Materials | p. 59 |
Onsager--Casimir Symmetry Relations | p. 60 |
Dissipation Potential | p. 62 |
Rational Thermodynamics | p. 63 |
General Features | p. 63 |
Thermoelastic Materials | p. 65 |
Comparison with T.I.P. | p. 71 |
Further Improvements | p. 71 |
Extended Thermodynamics | p. 72 |
Thermodynamics with Internal Variables | p. 74 |
Thermodynamics With Internal Variables | p. 77 |
Nature and Choice of Internal Variables | p. 77 |
Internal Variables and Functional Constitutive Equations | p. 79 |
Non-Equilibrium and Equilibrium States | p. 80 |
Accompanying Processes and States | p. 83 |
Verbal Statement of the L.A.S. | p. 84 |
Formal Statement of the L.A.S. | p. 87 |
Applying T.I.P. to T.I.V. | p. 89 |
Potentials of Dissipation | p. 92 |
Internal Variables and Microstructure | p. 95 |
Highly Heterogeneous Bodies | p. 95 |
Internal Variables or Internal Degrees of Freedom? | p. 97 |
Internal Variables and Phase Transitions | p. 102 |
Comparison with Extended Thermodynamics | p. 104 |
Applications: General Framework | p. 107 |
Summary | p. 107 |
Convexity of the Energy | p. 110 |
General Properties of Dissipation Potentials | p. 113 |
Convex Pseudo-Potential of Dissipation | p. 114 |
Nonconvex Dissipation Potential | p. 120 |
Reminder of Basic Equations | p. 124 |
The Case Solids | p. 124 |
The Case of Fluids | p. 127 |
Viscosity in Complex Fluids | p. 129 |
Introductory Remarks | p. 129 |
The Notion of Simple (Non-Newtonian) Fluid | p. 131 |
Statistical Theory of Polymeric Fluids | p. 133 |
Molecular Models | p. 133 |
Evolution Equation for the Conformation | p. 137 |
Stress Tensor | p. 138 |
Thermodynamics with Internal Variables | p. 139 |
General View | p. 139 |
The Internal Variable is an Anelastic Strain | p. 142 |
The Internal Variable is a Conformation | p. 144 |
The Internal Variable is a Vector | p. 150 |
The Internal Variable is a Scalar | p. 152 |
Forced Thermodynamic Systems | p. 155 |
Diffusion and Migration | p. 156 |
Vorticity and Conformation | p. 158 |
Liquid Crystals | p. 160 |
Structurally Complex Flows | p. 163 |
Conclusions | p. 164 |
Viscoplasticity and Plasticity | p. 167 |
Introductory Remarks | p. 167 |
Viscoelasticity of Solids | p. 168 |
Plasticity and Viscoplasticity in Small Strains | p. 173 |
Plasticity and Viscoplasticity in Finite Strains | p. 180 |
Damage, Cyclic Plasticity and Creep | p. 183 |
Relationship with Microscopic Theory | p. 188 |
Remarks on Elastoplastic Composites | p. 190 |
Remark on the Heat Equation | p. 194 |
Thermodynamics of Fracture | p. 197 |
Preliminary Remark | p. 197 |
Energy Aspects of Brittle Fracture (no thermal fields) | p. 199 |
On Account of Thermal Fields | p. 204 |
Material Forces in Fracture | p. 208 |
General Features | p. 208 |
Evaluation of Elementary Dissipation | p. 210 |
Global Balances of Momentum | p. 212 |
Energy Argument | p. 215 |
The Use of Generalized Functions in the Energy Equation | p. 217 |
Remark on Cases Exhibiting Local Dissipation | p. 220 |
Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics of Electromagnetic Materials | p. 223 |
General Remarks | p. 223 |
Reminder on Electromagnetism | p. 224 |
Thermomechanics of Electromagnetic Materials | p. 229 |
Classical Irreversible Processes: Conduction and Relaxation | p. 236 |
Rigid Bodies | p. 236 |
Fluids | p. 238 |
Deformable Solids | p. 239 |
Thermodynamics with Internal Variables | p. 242 |
Magnetic Solids in Small Strains | p. 242 |
Electrically Polarized Solids in Finite Strains | p. 245 |
Dielectric Relaxation in Ceramics | p. 247 |
Delayed-Wave Analysis | p. 250 |
Instantaneous Wave | p. 251 |
Electro- and Magnetomechanical Hysteresis | p. 253 |
Electric Bodies | p. 253 |
Magnetic Bodies | p. 259 |
Relation to Microscopic Descriptions | p. 262 |
Elastic Superconductors | p. 265 |
Solutions of Polyelectrolytes | p. 271 |
Thermodynamical Modeling | p. 271 |
Field Equations | p. 272 |
Dissipative Processes | p. 275 |
Mechano-Chemical Effect | p. 278 |
Electrically Induced Conformational Phase Transition | p. 279 |
Kerr Effect | p. 279 |
Ferroelectrics and Ferromagnets | p. 280 |
Deformable Ferromagnets | p. 281 |
Elastic Ferroelectrics | p. 285 |
Solutions of Magnetic Fluids | p. 286 |
Electroelastic and Magnetoelastic Fracture | p. 288 |
Concluding Remarks | p. 292 |
Waves and Reaction-Diffusion Systems (RDS) | p. 295 |
Preliminary Remarks | p. 295 |
Simple RDS' | p. 297 |
Models of Nerve-Pulse Dynamics: A Good Physical Example of Internal-Variable Theory | p. 301 |
Nerve-Pulse Transmission | p. 301 |
Thermodynamics of Nerve-Pulse Dynamics: FHN Model | p. 305 |
Hodgkin-Huxley Model | p. 308 |
More Complex Relaxation Equations | p. 309 |
Some Conclusive Remarks | p. 310 |
Coherent Phase-Transition Fronts: Another Example of Thermodynamics of Material Forces | p. 311 |
The General Problem | p. 311 |
Quasi-Static Progress of a Coherent Phase-Transition Front | p. 313 |
Heat-Conducting Case | p. 317 |
Bibliography | p. 325 |
Subject Index | p. 359 |
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