| Foreword | p. v |
| Acknowledgements | p. vii |
| Authors | p. ix |
| Introduction to Ultrawideband Systems | p. 1 |
| Overview | p. 1 |
| UWB Schemes | p. 3 |
| Impulse radio/time hopping | p. 3 |
| Direct sequence | p. 5 |
| Frequency hopping | p. 6 |
| OFDM | p. 9 |
| Industry Standards | p. 11 |
| Single band versus multiband | p. 11 |
| Standards | p. 11 |
| Applications | p. 12 |
| Challenges | p. 13 |
| Figures of Merit for UWB Antennas | p. 15 |
| Requirements for a UWB Antenna | p. 16 |
| Efficiency and matching | p. 16 |
| Signal distortion and dispersion (ringing) | p. 17 |
| Stability over frequency of the transmission-reception transfer function | p. 17 |
| UWB Antenna Parameters | p. 19 |
| Variability in the frequency domain | p. 19 |
| Variability in the time domain: Pulse distortion parameters | p. 23 |
| Variability in the space domain | p. 24 |
| Simulation in the Time Domain | p. 27 |
| Classification of UWB Antennas | p. 29 |
| Helical Antennas | p. 29 |
| Frequency-independent Antennas | p. 31 |
| Spiral antennas | p. 31 |
| Biconical antennas | p. 32 |
| Log-periodic Antennas | p. 34 |
| Horn Antennas | p. 36 |
| 3D horn antennas | p. 36 |
| 2D horn antennas | p. 38 |
| UWB Antennas Derived from Resonant Antennas | p. 39 |
| 3D monopoles | p. 39 |
| 2D resonant antennas | p. 46 |
| Conclusions | p. 47 |
| UWB Monopole Antenna Analysis | p. 51 |
| Introduction | p. 51 |
| Current-conductive Parts on Planar Monopole Antennas | p. 51 |
| Currents parallel and perpendicular to the ground plane: A working hypothesis | p. 51 |
| Non-radiating currents in a PMA | p. 54 |
| Transmission Line Model for UWB Monopole Antennas | p. 56 |
| General description | p. 56 |
| Description of the model | p. 58 |
| Purpose of the analogy | p. 58 |
| Graphical approach: The Smith Chart | p. 59 |
| Design Based on TLM | p. 61 |
| Design of an UWB-PMA antenna with a given bandwidth | p. 61 |
| Design of an UWB-PMA antenna having a maximised bandwidth | p. 61 |
| Design of omnidirectional UWB antennas | p. 62 |
| Design of directional UWB antennas | p. 62 |
| Design of 2D PCB antennas for UWB | p. 62 |
| Case study 1: Semi-rectangular planar monopole case | p. 62 |
| Case study 2: Broadband matching of a full-rectangular planar monopole case | p. 65 |
| UWB Monopole Antenna Bandwidth Synthesis | p. 69 |
| Introduction | p. 69 |
| Defining the Lower Limit of the Frequency Band | p. 70 |
| Obtaining the Upper Frequency with Staircase Profile in TLM | p. 71 |
| One step in a PMA's profile according to TLM | p. 71 |
| Two steps in a PMA's profile according to TLM | p. 74 |
| Analytical estimate of the upper limit of the band for a rectangular staircase monopole | p. 75 |
| Obtaining the Upper Frequency through Slot Etching | p. 78 |
| Case Study 1 | p. 82 |
| Design | p. 82 |
| Simulation and measurements | p. 83 |
| Case Study 2 | p. 86 |
| Design | p. 86 |
| Simulation and measurements | p. 87 |
| Case Study 3 | p. 88 |
| Design | p. 89 |
| Simulation and measurements | p. 90 |
| Discussion: Impedance matching and transfer function | p. 92 |
| UWB Monopole Antenna Bandwidth Maximisation | p. 95 |
| Introduction | p. 95 |
| Modifying the profile of the edge of the PMA closest to the ground plane | p. 97 |
| Applying TLM: Changing the characteristic impedance | p. 97 |
| Case Study: Maximising AMP Impedance Bandwidth | p. 101 |
| Lower frequency limit of the band: Initial L, W and p parameters | p. 101 |
| Adjusting the width | p. 102 |
| Changing the height p over the ground plane | p. 102 |
| Implementing a bevelled cut | p. 102 |
| Changing the profile close to the feed | p. 105 |
| Simulation and measurements | p. 106 |
| Discussion of Spectral Efficiency in Broadband Antennas | p. 108 |
| UWB Folded Monopole Antennas | p. 115 |
| Introduction | p. 115 |
| Current Distribution in an Antenna Folded along Vertical Axes | p. 117 |
| TLM Applied to an FMA | p. 117 |
| Case Study: Maximising FMA Impedance Bandwidth | p. 120 |
| Design | p. 120 |
| Simulation and measurements | p. 123 |
| Design options | p. 133 |
| Revolution Monopole Antennas | p. 139 |
| Introduction | p. 139 |
| Current distribution in an RMA | p. 140 |
| TLM applied to an RMA | p. 143 |
| Case study: Maximising RMA impedance bandwidth | p. 143 |
| Printed Circuit Monopoles | p. 157 |
| Introduction | p. 157 |
| Current Distribution in a PCM | p. 158 |
| TLM Applied to a PCM | p. 158 |
| Case Study: Tailored Bandwidth for UWB PCM | p. 160 |
| Design | p. 160 |
| Simulations and measurements | p. 161 |
| Applications of UWB Antennas | p. 167 |
| UWB Communications | p. 167 |
| Antennas required in impulse radio system | p. 168 |
| Antennas required in MB-OFDM system | p. 171 |
| EM Measurement | p. 173 |
| EM spectrum monitoring | p. 173 |
| EMC testing | p. 173 |
| Medical Imaging - Breast Cancer Detection | p. 174 |
| Horn and tapered slot antennas | p. 175 |
| Stacked patch antennas | p. 176 |
| Radars | p. 177 |
| Antenna array in impulse radars | p. 178 |
| Broadband phase array | p. 180 |
| Bibliography | p. 183 |
| Index | p. 191 |
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