Women at the Margins

Neglect, Punishment, and Resistance

By: J Dianne Garner, Rosemary Sarri, Josefina Figueira-Mcdonough

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Paperback | 28 May 2002 | Edition Number 1

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456 Pages

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20.96 x 14.61 x 3.18

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A compelling look at the crisis of disadvantaged women This powerful document takes a sobering look at the phenomenon of marginalized women pushed to the edges of society, holding on with the barest of hope and extraordinary bravery. Handicapped by the increasing societal inequality they face as an everyday fact of life, these women (and in many cases, their children) have been disconnected from the mainstream for reasons of age, race, gender, health, incarceration, domestic abuse, unwanted pregnancy, unemployment, and economic circumstance. They are poor in an affluent society, powerless in a powerful nation, and the suffering caused by their exclusion is poignant and troubling.
Eloquently illustrated with poetry, art, and prose created by marginalized women, Women at the Margins: Neglect, Punishment, and Resistance makes a compelling argument for social change. The book offers a no-holds-barred look at how economic restructuring, welfare reform, neo-conservative ideology, and institutional exclusion have locked women into subservient, substandard roles, stripping them of their citizenship and rendering them expendable. Diverse authors track the life cycle of marginalized women, from teenage pregnancy to the lonliness of older women in poverty or prison.
Women at the Margins: Neglect, Punishment, and Resistance addresses:

the effects of welfare reform
the forgotten group: women in prison and jail
low-income women and housing
women marginalized by substance abuse, poverty, and incarceration
teenage pregnancy
children and their incarcerated mothers
recidivism and reintegration
women, law, and the justice system
and much more!
Women at the Margins: Neglect, Punishment, and Resistance acknowledges the long history of the inequality faced by women living in exclusion but focuses on the present with a hopeful but realistic eye toward the future. It is an indispensible resource for sociology, social work, legal and penal system professionals, and academics, and an essential read for everyone.

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Society & Culture Social Issues & Processes Feminism & Feminist Theory Law Laws of Specific Jurisdictions Politics & Government Central Government Central Government Policies Social Groups Gender Studies Gender Studies: Women and Girls

Jurisprudence & General Issues Sociology & Anthropology Social Services & Welfare Crime & Criminology Bargains Non-Fiction Bargains Law Bargains

About the Editors	p. xiii
Contributors	p. xv
Foreword	p. xxi
Acknowledgments	p. xxiii
Introduction to Art and Women at the Margins	p. 1
Why Art?	p. 1
Increasing Inequality: The Ascendancy of Neoconservatism and Institutional Exclusion of Poor Women	p. 5
The Laissez-Faire Myth, the Neoconservatives, and the Liberal Model of Welfare	p. 6
The American Gulag: Extending the Net of Control	p. 14
The Added Oppression of Women Behind Bars	p. 17
Neglect, Punishment, and Resistance of Marginalized Women	p. 20
Increasing the Dual Control of Women and Distorting Their Strength
Welfare Reform: Tightening the Screws	p. 33
Welfare in "Crisis": 1960s-1996	p. 34
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA)	p. 36
The Work-First Strategy	p. 37
The Future	p. 46
The Forgotten Group: Women in Prisons and Jails	p. 55
Introduction	p. 55
Background	p. 56
Women and Crime	p. 59
Behavior and Attitudes of Women in Prison	p. 61
History of the Incarceration of Women	p. 62
Characteristics of Female Offenders	p. 64
Conclusions and Recommendations	p. 78
The Storm Is Passing Over: Marginalized African-American Women	p. 87
African Cultural Legacies	p. 91
Demographic Changes	p. 92
Family Structure	p. 93
Roles of Males in Families	p. 94
Marginalization and Urban Sprawl	p. 95
The Passing Storm	p. 96
Blockages to Autonomy
The Controllers and the Controlled	p. 103
The Controllers and the Controlled in Political-Economic Context	p. 104
Forms and Context of Control	p. 107
Policy Framework of Control: Personal Responsibility and TANF	p. 110
Practice Framework of Control: Welfare Workers and Welfare Recipients	p. 112
Policy Framework of Control: The Get-Tough Policy	p. 114
Practice Framework of Control: Relations Between Guards and Prisoners	p. 118
Prospects for the Future	p. 119
Welfare Reform Now That We Know It: Enforcing Women's Poverty and Preventing Self-Sufficiency	p. 125
The Centrality of Motherhood and Family Preservation	p. 125
Mothers, Work, and Welfare: Not a New Combination	p. 126
The Impact of the 1996 Welfare Reform: Work Requirements and Time Limits	p. 129
Evaluating the Economic Resources of Families PostWelfare	p. 138
Low-Income Women and Housing: Where Will They Live?	p. 151
Roots of the Crisis: Structural and Personal Factors	p. 153
Affordable Housing Programs	p. 157
The Housing Affordability Squeeze	p. 162
Housing Is a Women's Issue	p. 168
Gender, Age, and Health Interactions
Triple Jeopardy: Women Marginalized by Substance Abuse, Poverty, and Incarceration	p. 175
Introduction	p. 175
Vicious Cycles and Downward Spirals	p. 176
Substance Use and Abuse Among Women: Closing the Gender Gap	p. 177
Differences in the "Addiction Careers" of Men and Women	p. 181
Policies of Neglect and Punishment Toward Women with Substance Abuse Problems	p. 183
Bringing an End to Vicious Cycles and Downward Spirals	p. 189
Finding the Will to Change Women's Lives	p. 193
Life at the Margins: Older Women Living in Poverty	p. 203
Demographic Trends for the Aging Female Population	p. 205
The Gender of Poverty in America's Aging Population	p. 208
Aging in Prison: Focus on the Older Female Prisoner	p. 216
Special Needs of the Older Female Prisoner	p. 221
The Older Female Offender and Recidivism	p. 222
Conclusion	p. 223
Teenage Pregnancy: Mediating Rotten Outcomes and Improving Opportunities	p. 229
Teenage Motherhood in the United States	p. 229
Attitudes, Values, and Economics	p. 230
Theoretical Interpretations	p. 234
The Conflict of Developmental Issues and Policy	p. 236
Teenage Mothers and Welfare Reform	p. 238
Teenagers' Prenatal Care Access: An Arizona Study	p. 239
Support Services for Teenage Parents	p. 243
Recommendation for Change to Health and Social Policy	p. 243
Bad Women, Undeserving Mothers
Controlled and Excluded: Reproduction and Motherhood Among Poor and Imprisoned Women	p. 253
The Links: No Safe Place	p. 255
Excessive Punishment: The Sex and Gender Tax	p. 258
Punishing the Future: Women and Their Children	p. 262
Conclusion	p. 266
Children and Their Incarcerated Mothers	p. 271
Women and Mothers in Prison	p. 273
Effects of Mothers' Incarceration on Children	p. 274
Barriers in the Criminal Justice System	p. 276
Incarcerated Women and the Child Welfare System	p. 278
Programs and Services for Children of Incarcerated Mothers	p. 281
Discussion	p. 288
Conclusion	p. 291
Women's Recidivism and Reintegration: Two Sides of the Same Coin	p. 295
Factors Influencing Successful versus Unsuccessful Reintegration	p. 296
Study Participants	p. 300
Method and Analysis	p. 302
Findings	p. 302
Discussion	p. 311
Conclusion	p. 315
Pragmatic Knowledge, Legal Redressing, and Women's Solidarity
Charity, Ideology, and Exclusion: Continuities and Resistance in U.S. Welfare Reform	p. 321
Charity As Institutional Path Dependency	p. 323
Ideological Reinforcement Through Communicative Discourse	p. 325
Listening to Voices from Below	p. 329
Convergence of Proposals	p. 337
Women, the Law, and the Justice System: Neglect, Violence, and Resistance	p. 347
The Cycle of Neglect Begins	p. 349
Violence Inside	p. 358
Resistance Through Litigation	p. 362
Borders and Bridges: Building New Directions for the Women's Movement	p. 375
Introduction	p. 375
Learning from History: A Short Story of the Accomplishments and Challenges of the Women's Movement	p. 377
Confronting the Challenges	p. 382
Food for Thought and Action	p. 392
Action Strategies for Today
Whither the Twenty-First Century for Women at the Margins: Resistance and Action	p. 407
Contemporary and Conflicting Roles	p. 408
Recommendations for Action	p. 410
Action Strategies	p. 413
Index	p. 421
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Women at the Margins

Neglect, Punishment, and Resistance

At a Glance

Paperback

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