A History of Atmospheric CO2 and Its Effects on Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems

Cover -- Preface -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- Part 1. The Atmospheric CO2 Record -- 1. The Rise of Trees and How They Changed Paleozoic Atmospheric CO, Climate, and Geology -- 2. Atmospheric CO2 During the Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic: Estimates from Indian Soils -- 3. Alkenone-Based Estimates of Past CO2 Levels: A Consideration of Their Utility Based on an Analysis of Uncertainties -- 4. Atmospheric CO2 Data from Ice Cores: Four Climatic Cycles -- 5. Atmospheric CO2 and 13CO2 Exchange with the Terrestrial Biosphere and Oceans from 1978 to 2000: Observations and Carbon Cycle Implications -- Part 2. Biotic Responses to Long-Term Changes in Atmospheric CO2 -- 6. Evolutionary Responses of Land Plants to Atmospheric CO2 -- 7. Cretaceous CO2 Decline and the Radiation and Diversification of Angiosperms -- 8. Influence of Uplift, Weathering, and Base Cation Supply on Past and Future CO2 Levels -- 9. Atmospheric CO2, Environmental Stress, and the Evolution of C4 Photosynthesis -- 10. The Influence of Atmospheric CO2, Temperature, and Water on the Abundance of C3/C4 Taxa -- 11. Evolution and Growth of Plants in a Low CO2 World -- 12. Environmentally Driven Dietary Adaptations in African Mammals -- 13. Terrestrial Mammalian Herbivore Response to Declining Levels of Atmospheric CO2 During the Cenozoic: Evidence from North American Fossil Horses (Family Equidae) -- 14. CO2, Grasses, and Human Evolution -- Part 3. Atmospheric CO2 and Modern Ecosystems -- 15. The Carbon Cycle over the Past 1000 Years Inferred from the Inversion of Ice Core Data -- 16. Remembrance of Weather Past: Ecosystem Responses to Climate Variability -- 17. Effects of Elevated CO2 on Keystone Herbivores in Modern Arctic Ecosystems -- Part 4. Ecosystem Responses to a Future Atmospheric CO2 -- 18. Modern and Future Forests in a Changing Atmosphere -- 19. Modern and Future Semi-Arid and Arid Ecosystems -- 20. Effects of CO2 on Plants at Different Timescales -- 21. Herbivory in a World of Elevated CO2 -- 22. Borehole Temperatures and Climate Change: A Global Perspective.